(Image Credit: Z & Y Restaurant)
From the Gold Rush to today, San Francisco could claim to be the Asian cuisine capital of the United States. The coastal location and boom industries attracted immigrants including Asians. This contributes to the cosmopolitan history and cuisine that attracts culinary tourists to San Francisco.
Gold Rush Immigration Leads to America’s First Chinatown
The Asian imprint on San Francisco cuisine starts with the Chinese. Due to the coastal location and proximity to boom industries like gold prospecting, San Francisco attracted Chinese immigrants. Many came to work building the railroad network connecting California and Utah. In fact, San Francisco is home to the first “Chinatown” in the United States, dating back to 1848.
San Francisco’s Chinatown was at once point largely a “bachelor society,” according to an article published by NBC News. For the most part, the laborers were not able to bring wives or family. As a result, Chinese restaurants and bakeries grew along with Chinatown. In fact, many popular Chinese dishes are believed to have originated in San Francisco.
Some examples of Chinese-American food originating in San Francisco include:
- Chop Suey which a stir-fry mix of meat, eggs, vegetables served over noodles or rice is rumored to be a San Francisco invention. However, the jury is out according to Table Agent, there is some debate that it originated in China despite persistent San Francisco folklore.
- Fortune Cookies might be a Chinese- American invention inspired by a “tsujiura senbei” (a Japanese cookie). Originally, they were served in Japanese restaurants in San Francisco. After World War Two, Chinese restaurants started serving them. Fortune Cookies are still strongly associated with San Francisco due to the city being home to the Golden Gate Fortune Cookie Factory.
- According to the Food Republic, Other San Francisco contributions include shrimp in lobster sauce, moo goo gai pan, and egg foo young.
Japanese-American Influence on San Francisco Cuisine
Originally, Japanese immigrants also lived in the area known now as Chinatown. However, the earthquake of 1906 displaced some, and they were redirected to a new “Japantown” in Western Edition or the Fillmore District. Some decades later, during World War Two, the US government interned Japanese-Americans causing the closure of Japanese teahouses and restaurants. In 1944 internment ended, some Japanese families eventually returned and reopened their business. One of those businesses was the famous Uoki Sakai Market. Today locals and visitors enjoy a full range of Japanese food in San Francisco.
Other Asian-American Culinary Influences
The Asian influence continues in the 1960’s as Thai and Indian immigrants moved to San Francisco. These new populations brought their local cuisines and also contributed to the culinary cultural fusion that many people associate with San Francisco.
While Asian-Americans molded San Francisco’s cuisine, this influence spread throughout the United States. According to Time Magazine, Chinese food and culture became trendy following President Nixon’s visit to China in 1972.
Asian cuisine’s imprint on San Francisco’s food culture is undeniable. It contributes greatly to the worldly cosmopolitan sophistication of the city that attracts tourists and foodies from around the world. In turn, this influence spread throughout the United States.